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CRUSH SCHOOL

I blog on Brain-Based Learning, Metacognition, EdTech, and Social-Emotional Learning. I am the author of the Crush School Series of Books, which help students understand how their brains process information and learn. I also wrote The Power of Three: How to Simplify Your Life to Amplify Your Personal and Professional Success, but be warned that it's meant for adults who want to thrive and are comfortable with four letter words.

Filtering by Category: Teaching

Hollowed Be Thy... Equity?

My music interests shifted drastically in seventh grade. One minute I’m listening to Cheri Cheri Lady by Modern Talking and the next it’s Metallica’s Master of Puppets. I was even quizzed by a bigger eighth-grader on the names of all the band members when I wore a Metallica T-shirt to school. I passed, thus avoiding an ass-kicking, but I remember the long-haired kid I wanted to be like correcting me on the first name of the bass player (Jason, not John as I thought).

Fear of the Dark by Iron Maiden was the first music album I ever bought. It was the summer of 1992 and I just finished eighth grade. I remember it well because I was about to leave my childhood friends and country of birth forever and no audio cassette has ever sounded better.

I grew up Catholic, which meant being sent to church every Sunday while my parents stayed home. My younger brother and I stood in the small wooded area outside of the church gates, part by choice, and part because the church was too small. I didn’t care for church but I went, because this is what the rest of the Polish tribe did.

Poland of my youth presented as a picture of homogeneity - everyone was white and Catholic, except for one Jehovah’s Witness family that lived in the communist-style apartment buildings for the masses all of us were sardined into. Parents told my friends and I these folks were not to be trusted. No one knew much about them, but everyone believed they were the wrong kind of people and needed to be excluded by default.

The aforementioned homogeneity was broken by the music subcultures present in the 80s and 90s - the poppers, the punk rockers, the metal-heads, and the skinheads. The pop listeners were made fun of. The punks and the metals got along, but we hated the skinheads. I don’t know if they were Neo-nazis but I was supposed to hate them, because they shaved their heads and hated us, or so we thought.

I was also taught to hate the Germans because of fascism and World War II, spit on everything Russian because of communism and the iron curtain, and ridicule the Jews because they were the sneaky, somehow better-off-than-us Jews. I laughed at and repeated the popular-at-the-time Jew jokes despite the fact my paternal grandfather and my last name are both Jewish. Being accused of being Jewish was horror, so I hid this part of my heritage.

And then eighth grade ended and I came to America to my mother and a racist stepfather. He said Black people were criminals, Mexicans cockroaches, and gays the devil. I believed him. I believed he had the right to use racial and other derogatory slurs because he was right. That summer, I used the Polish version of the n-word in a letter to my best friend I left behind in Poland thinking I was being cool and American and better.

It’s hard to admit, because I’m ashamed, but I believe my journey to understanding, though unfinished, is not unlike many others’ journeys. Many of us grew up in homes where discrimination figured prominently on the conversation menu. Wokeness did not exist as a word then and certainly wasn’t practiced around us. I did not grow up in a thoughtful, progressive, and accepting home. Instead, first in Poland and then in the USA, I was fed unfounded hate at a high rate.

But it did not become my fate.

The one single defining moment that changed me… didn’t happen. But I remember moments throughout my high school years that helped shape me through the messages they carried; some with obvious, many with unconscious, only to be understood later meanings.

In many ways, high school was a blur, but I do recall many small, happy, life defining moments, like this African American kid giving the horns up to my Megadeth: Countdown to Extinction T-shirt. He said Rust In Peace is better and I beg to differ, but all metal fans unite; four-minute passing times be damned.

I remember Nick, a Black kid I sat next to in French, who said my eyebrows go straight across. I have a subtle unibrow, unlike the Brow, but I just had to laugh. Nick was funny and we had many conversations and laughs in that class. The dopamine hits were enough to make up for the fact I speak less than a little French today.

Another time, I was blown away by this long-haired Mexican kid’s geography class presentation about his indigenous heritage. It’s the only presentation I remember; I was so in awe of what he said and the Aztec artifacts he brought to class. I even bought a leather bracelet with Quetzalcoatl artwork on it while in Mexico a few years later, because it was so “heavy metal.”

Nearly every day, I played basketball at Archer Park with Tino, Nino, and other Filipinos. Tino was short and funny. Nino about my height and wore his hat turned backwards. Both talked smack and backed it up with their play.

One time, the cops rolled up onto the court and searched all of us. I had a joint hidden in between the cigarettes and gave the pack to the frisking Five-O to check, but he didn’t bother. I was white, just associating with the wrong kind I guess. I didn’t understand it then, but know now how white privilege saved my ass. Tino and Nino were clean, so we went back to playing like nothing happened, but what happened felt wrong. That was my introduction to racial profiling.

And then there’s the senior year AP European History class… Eduardo, a preppy-looking Mexican kid with an accent as thick as mine was the hardest worker. He was kind and always said hi in the hallway. Jamila, a Muslim girl, who told me that her female cousins often hit her at their family gatherings for not wearing the hijab, was one of the kindest people I have ever met. Vanessa, the Jew with red paint in her hair was possibly the coolest high schooler I knew and not a nerd at all (and I might have had a crush on her). And then there was Arasally, the self-proclaimed Polo-Rican - Polish dad and Puerto Rican mom if I recall this right - who was just a walking party during the day; not sure about night. I loved that class and appreciated my classmates. I miss listening to their stories and the emotion they brought to my world. I miss them now and wonder where they’re at.

Enough can’t be said about the positive people I had all around me then and the messages I received that reinforced the fact that the diversity I was taught to hate at home is precisely what makes the world better, fun, and worth wandering.

The messages I received were enough to set me on a different path. Luck struck and I ended up in a Chicago public school where BIPOC students outnumbered their white peers and I could learn about and from them. High school changed my one dimensional, Polish worldview. It changed me.

It pains me to say this, but my country of birth is as it was back then, just more undercover on the European Union stage. It seems like every time I look at news from Poland, I see continued hatred of the LGBTQ+ community, prevalent unacceptance of people of different skin color and religion, and continued war on women’s rights.

The Philando Castile, George Floyd, Daunte Wright, and other killings show my adopted country still has a long way to go. And while we can rage against the machine that perpetuates discrimination all we want, I think we need to do more. We have to take the power back, and the best way to do that is by helping our students understand what white privilege is, the difference between equality and equity, and why standing up for and creating more equitable conditions for individuals and communities that start out at a disadvantage is advantageous for the society as a whole, not just at the local, but also at the global level.

While there are still government officials in multiple states and on the big hill who pretend they don’t get it or are blatant threats to democracy and human rights, the change must start with we the people. We elect these stooges after all.

And let’s be real - most adults will not change. Research shows the brain’s ability to change in response to experiences is highest when we’re young. In fact, it is in our mid- to late- twenties when the amount of cognitive, emotional, and social effort required to fundamentally change our way of thinking outweighs our capacity to change, and we tend to hold onto our beliefs, no matter how many counterarguments to the contrary we face or how much logic that shows how illogical our ways are we encounter.

Children, on the other hand, are constantly challenged by their environment to “revise” their theories. When they acquire new information in the classroom or on the playground, their limited, home-learned views can change radically. The less a child knows, the fewer biases he has, and the more likely he is to be open to ideas that contradict his early understanding of a concept. In addition, the consequences for being “wrong” are less severe for children than they are for adults who are part of the same community.

While now more familiar than Poland - I’ve lived in the US for more than a quarter century after all - it’s still strange in many ways. We are a confusing nation full of contradictions. In the land of opportunity, most of those who strive cannot acquire the power the few have. It makes no sense how those few can get away with the despicable things they do to hold onto the power they feel entitled to. It makes no sense that six, or 1.2% of Fortune 500 CEOs are Black, while the 2021 Census shows 13.6 % of US residents are African American. It makes no sense that there are only six pro sports teams majority owners of color, with Michael Jordan as the only Black owner, while most athletes are minorities.

Or maybe it makes all the sense in the world we live in, because change on paper and de facto change are not the same thing. Because, equity is something we aspire to but don’t quite understand.

The messages we expose our kids to matter. This messaging starts at home. Many homes offer hope. Others feed hate. Luckily, at five to six years old, the kids start spending more time at school than at home. They are exposed to new ways of looking at the same concepts in different contexts and environments. They kids are ready to change and the teachers must have the courage to show these students a way that is full of regard and compassion for individuals who may be different, but who are just as valuable.

I don’t have all the answers. But I’m choosing to learn and change.


Did you like this post? Click HERE -> Teaching Tips, Resources, & Ideas Newsletter for more.

Also, I created a few classroom posters on equity. They’re inexpensive and help me pay for this website and an occasional IPA. Check them out here.

10 Ideas For Increasing Your Creativity

A bowl of cereal with gummy bears in it is creative twist on traditional breakfast. Being open to playing with your food or, on a bigger scale, playing with the traditional ways of doing things helps us become more creative

Photo courtesy of Gratisography

To be creative means to be in love with life.
— Osho

I learned today that velociraptors were turkey-sized and T-Rex topped out at ten miles per hour, which means you don’t have to be Usain Bolt to outrun one. Damn you Hollywood, Jurassic Park, and Steven Spielberg for having me think they were cool.

But my dino disillusionment aside, learning these facts while watching Weird But True with my son gave me a creative way to start this article after over a year of blog silence.

Creativity awakens imagination, spurs innovation, and provides inspiration. But for me, creativity makes work fun. It allows me to see things in new ways and create new ways to teach and help my students learn.

In my twenty years of teaching, I learned that everyone is creative and everyone can take deliberate action to increase their creativity.

Here’s a list of 10 things anyone can do every day to up their creativity.

Learn Something New

It doesn’t matter what you learn. Just learn something you did not know before. Even if the new information you put in your brain is unrelated to the work you do, your brain will find a way to use it. 3 days, or 3 months, or 3 years from now, perhaps in a form of a sudden spark of genius or a slow methodical approach - you will apply this learning to something. Consciously or without you knowing, the info you learn today will make something you’re creating in the future a bit more creative; a bit better.

Learn something new every day and you will increase your chances of coming up with new and innovative ways of doing things and creating more impactful and fulfilling work.

Listen To A Podcast

This should be easy if you commute to work. Connect your phone to your car’s stereo or use the phone/headphones combo on your public trans ride to work and voila - instant mobile university! Of course, shock-jock garbage doesn’t count, because garbage in - garbage out.

Good podcasts are not hard to find. Some of my faves are Hidden Brain, Akimbo, The Knowledge Project, Inquiring Minds, TED Radio Hour, and The James Altucher Show. Be ready to pause a podcast, so you can start writing down ideas. You can just use your phone’s note app or carry a small notebook. If driving, dictate the epiphanies and ideas your mind generates while listening into your phone’s note app.

Read

As a kid growing up in Poland, I was great at devouring books. Now, I suck at reading books. I wish I was better, but I’m really bad at books. I own a lot of them. I still buy books and promise myself I will read them. I still may, but for now, I am happy reading bits and pieces of whole books. A chapter here and a chapter there is my usual fare that helps me prepare and keeps me away from brain numbing solitaire.

The books I frequently keep coming back to and extract information from are Brain Rules, Atomic Habits, Ultralearning, and Make It Stick.

I still read though. Every day. It’s just that I mostly read from illuminated screens. And it’s illuminating. It gives me ideas on how to learn faster, teach better, tweak lessons, come up with topics for articles I might write, potential side hustles, and other unexpected things. I read on my phone and laptop. I use Feedly to aggregate new education, teaching, and science blogs and articles. My go tos are NPR, TED Blog, TED Education, John Spencer, The Cult of Pedagogy, and Getting Smart.

If you have close to zero time to read, use Blinkist. The app creators pull the meat out of the best books out there, summarize the gists, and provide the takeaways in less-than-ten-minute text or audio (you choose) packages, designed for the busiest of the busy bees of the world so they can keep learning and get better at creating.

Write

Listen, read, learn, and then write about it. Write it for an audience of one (you) or one hundred - it doesn’t matter. The best thing about writing about what you’re learning is not the passing of what you learned on to others, which is very gratifying, but the slowing down of your thought stream , which in turn allows for deeper reflection and the forming of new understandings. Writing then, is a way to reprocess that which you’re learning, is creative by default, and stimulates new creativity.

Flip The Script

Take a perspective you disagree with and find arguments for it. Look for things or people you disagree with and come up with positive qualities they have. Maybe you hate mosquitos. I mean they suck. Literally… But maybe they are necessary, because geckos eat them. And geckos are cool. Remember the one from the commercials? It’s one cool gecko.

Think of a recent argument you had with someone. Perhaps it did not come to blows, but you vehemently disagreed. Think back to some of the arguments your counterpart had and try to find a few pros for the views you so passionately disagreed with. I’m not telling you to start agreeing. I’m telling you to see what you have not been able to before. Flipping the script and doing it often is the essence of creativity.

Converse

Talk to the woman standing behind you in the insanely long REI line.

Ask the kid next to you if he knows what happened to all the missing Jersey Mike’s sandwich numbers. I mean, how the hell do you go from three to eighty three? Does big Mike have a love-hate relationship with middle numbers?

Ask the guy browsing the same Trader Joe’s beer aisle if he also wanted an instant refund after buying and trying that awful seasonal pumpkin gourd ale beer impostor thingy. I bought six. Big mistake. It’s Halloween special suckiness still haunts me.

But do not talk about the weather. Fuck weather. There’s too much weather talk. Just don’t. Pick a different topic and go.

Create

I love John Spencer’s creativity. But I hate him for this intro:

My goal is simple. I want to make something each day. Sometimes I make things. Sometimes I make a difference. On a good day, I get to do both. - John Spencer

I hate how perfect it is. I know, I know - perfect is the enemy of good, but still… This should be my bio and I hate that I did not come up with it before he did. I guess I just hate myself. Wait… I don’t! I’m inspired.

Seriously, to be creative, one must create. To become more creative, one must keep creating. Creating something every day, will continue increasing your creativity.

You hate that popcorn ceiling in your basement? Watch some YouTube and remove that shit yourself.

Your kid is bored? Find a PBS Kids project and do it with them.

Create an infographic flyer using Google Draw/Slides or Piktochart for that b-day, holiday, or grad party. It is easier than you think and helluva lot more satisfying than Evite.

Write a poem or rap to explain something to someone. Start small. A few lines, that’s all. If it rhymes, cool. If it don’t, you’re no fool. School others or get schooled.

Or, make up a story.

Make Up Stories

Huh? Am I asking you to lie? You damn straight I am. But it will not make you a bad person. It will make you a more creative one. Just hear me out.

People love stories. From very little, we have been learning how to be good and kind and not assholes from stories. Why stop now? Why not use storytelling to teach our coworkers or help older kids (even the forty-something ones like me) learn?

I recently told my chemistry students that I spent one college summer hitchhiking through Europe performing magic tricks dressed as a clown. Then, I poured water into a clear plastic cup, put an index card over it, and flipped it. Boom! The magic (or pressure) of the underlying air kept the card stuck to the mouth of the cup, which kept the water in the cup and not pouring on the victim’s, I mean student volunteer’s head.

Johnny’s head was about two inches below the card. A few students were sad the magic trick didn’t fail…

Then, we talked briefly about gases and gas pressure before proceeding to students performing a bunch of simple experiments that involve gases. There was energy in the room. It was fun telling the story and seeing the students engaged in the activity.

Of course, I hitchhiked through Europe at 19 years old, but I never owned a clown costume or performed street tricks. To spice up the story and the learning build up, I also claimed I made money making balloon animals. Total lie. Clowns scare the crap out of me and I’m too much of an anxious freak to be a street performer. Still, I was glad to muster enough courage to create this learning experience for my students.

Making up stories to represent a concept or to prove a point is far from evil. It’s creative and fun and necessary.

Do Something New

“Do something that scares you every day” has become a cliche line promoted by self help gurus and leadership experts. It’s true that stepping out of your comfort zone can help you level up, but you need not to subject yourself to PTSD inducing experiences to become more creative. You can do simple stuff like ordering a different-than-usual Starbucks drink or taking an alternative route back from work tomorrow - something to change things up.

If you typically eat lunch at your work desk, check out the cafeteria on Monday. If you always take the elevator, take the stairs on Tuesday. Wake up 10 minutes earlier on Wednesday and enjoy the view from your kitchen window while paying attention to every detail you have failed to see before. Wear two different socks to work on Thursday and see if anyone notices and points it out, because if they do, you can explain why and ask what they think about it. If they don’t, smirk every time your mind reminds you of your dirty little secret. And on Friday? Friday’s all you, but you get the idea. Keep it creative.

Do this sort of thing frequently to create many new experiences, because no matter how small, new experiences will lead to new outlooks and these in turn will lead to newfound creativity. It’ll sneak up on you out of nowhere; rattlesnake-in-a-desert-like.

Reinvent The Wheel, But…

Don’t take a wheel and use it as a wheel. Use it as something else. Create a new game in which players roll a wheel down the hill to kill Bill (the human-shaped wooden tower). But make sure Quentin T. is cool with it before you name it that or else you might get sued.

Take an idea from one field and use it in yours. Maybe you saw someone from a different department in your school or place of work use a neat strategy to do something? Could you repurpose it and use in yours? Could you reinvent it?

Whenever you see something neat, something seemingly unrelated, think How can I use it?

Then, use it.

Reflect and remake

Failures increase creativity if you reflect on them, learn from them, apply this learning to improve upon the original ideas, and try again. Mr. Dennis, the most epic teacher ever who happened to be my 10th grade history teacher, always talked about the first Toyota coming off the boat in the 70s, not making it up the first hill it encountered, and going right back to Japan with that whole first shipment of US-bound Toyotas.

I did zero fact checking on this and maybe Mr. D was straight up lying, but the moral of the story was that when the Toyota came back much improved the next year, it proceeded to grab a major share of the US market it still holds today. So while failure may be embarrassing, it forces new solutions, which require creativity and lead to success.

So fail, because mistakes is what it takes. Then, reflect and remake your failures.

Up your creativity through this iterative process.

Move Toward Creativity

If sitting seems wrong to you sometimes, you’re right. The insidious act of sitting restricts blood circulation and reduces the flow of the beautiful, beneficial, and creativity-inducing oxygen to your brain.

So take fluffy for a longer walk. Opt for the stairs not the mall escalator. Get an adjustable standing desk and alternate between sitting and standing while working. Take your kid to the park and swing on the swings or kick/throw/hit a ball. If you despise exercise, biking is easier. Don’t drive to the nearby grocery store. Put on a backpack and walk.

Body movement increases blood movement, which increases oxygen movement, which increases the movement of creative out-of-the-blue thoughts in your noggin. This is called divergent thinking and science proves divergent creativity is where it’s at.

Oops… This was 12. Oh well. Hope you found them swell.

Key Takeaways

  1. Creativity is a skill we can continue getting better at.

  2. Becoming more creative involves deliberate daily practice. Learning, reflecting, and remaking are a few ways to stimulate creativity.

  3. Being open to new experiences, forcing yourself to look at things from multiple view points, incorporating more physical movement, and creating new things will make you more creative faster.


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How to Create Effective Interactive Digital Lessons

effective interactive digital lessons
A good teacher offers practice, a bad one offers theories.
— Anthony De Mello

I could just end this post there but I won’t.

Attention Span Studies and Myths and Claims

You might have heard the reason TED Talks are limited to 18 minutes is because neuroscientists suggest that a human adult subjected to such presentations can stay attentive for about that long.

Some studies claim student attentions wane 10-15 minutes into presentations while one academic claims these studies are unreliable due to flawed methodologies and subjective data collection.

Then there’s the Microsoft study that claims our 8-second attention span is shorter than that of a goldfish as this bowl-inhabiting creature can out-attention us by an entire second!

Scientists cannot agree. Marketers measure vanity metrics. Let’s call BS on them and focus on what we, the teachers can do to capture our students’ attentions long enough to educate them. To do this, we need to design lessons they want to participate in because partly dull with a chance of boring just don’t cut it.

How Students Want to Learn

Why should we care about what students want from teachers and how they want to learn?

If you’re in a relationship with someone you care about and they ask you for help and tell you what they want from you, do you just go ahead and disregard them and instead decide what they need and want? I mean, if your partner is reasonable and their requests are not harmful to the world or self-destructive do you listen? Or, do you ignore them and use some patronizing logic to convince them of what’s best for them?

While it’s accurate to say teachers are in a different kind of a relationship with their students, it’s not fair for teachers to assume students are incapable of deciding what they want. In fact, validating reasonable and innocuous student preferences goes a long way in establishing teacher-student relationships in which students feel valued and teachers fulfilled.

Better yet - take the initiative and ask how your students want to learn and they will tell you honestly. Check out this lesson plan I use to get off to a good school year start. In the article, I give away the 14-slide show to go with the lesson that helps me design effective, student-centered lessons and teaches students to use design thinking.

Using the approach above in finding out how students prefer to learn is better suited to a physical classroom setting so teachers must tweak the best face-to-face strategies to fit the COVID-19 models. It’s also important to look into the best hybrid and distance learning practices.

According to this 2019 survey both teachers and students envision a more personalized online learning experience with a high degree of social interaction within the learning community. This 2020 case study recommends faculty training on using online methods and creating interactive lessons that reduce cognitive load. Socially or with learning material - students want to interact.

Effective Interactive Digital Lessons

Taking students to the computer lab so they can type their English essay or read a science article online is not “infusing” or “enhancing” class with technology. Uploading presentations and worksheets into the school’s learning management system (LMS) as primary means of learning is a misuse of resources too, because while lessons become digitized, the learning process remains too passive to be effective and students are left to their own devices to learn the concepts and skills required.

Interactivity is the Key to Creating Effective Digital Lessons

The ultimate goal of any lesson should be to create activities that promote understanding and increase memory of the lesson topics during the lesson, and not leaving those for “later” as homework. This is not to say students will learn and remember everything after “doing” the lesson once. They will not. However, by upping the lesson interactivity, teachers will increase student alertness, escalating their initial understanding and memory of the concepts. The best way to do this is to plan activities that allow real-time processing of concepts and practice of skills.

Effective Interactive Digital Lesson Example

The best digital lessons retain most of the most important parts of effective lesson design - the best practices all teachers should use regardless of how techie or old school the methods they use are.

Starting with lesson design, each digital lesson should include the learning objectives (“I can” statements etc.), an opening activity that promotes review of a previous or engagement in a new topic, front-loading or learning activity which introduces and explains the content to be learned, followed with in-class practice, and concluded with some kind of a summarizing task. All of these need to be supported with clear and concise instructions and transparency in how students will be assessed.

Take a look at the following digital interactive notebook lesson (Google Slides).

Lesson Opening Slide

Effective Digital Lesson Objectives

Warm Up Activity

Effective Digital Lesson Warm Up Activity

Shared Digital Board

What is chemistry interactive warm up activity

Front-Loading Activity #1

Effective Digital Lesson Introductory Front-loading activity

Front-Loading Activity #2

Effective Digital Lesson Discovey Activity (front-loading)

Practice Activity #1

Effective Digital Lesson deeper processing activity

Practice Activity #2

Effective Digital Lesson quick practice activity

Practice Activity #3

Effective Digital Lesson challenging practice activity

Quick Summarizing Activity

Effective Digital Lesson Exit Ticket

The first lesson slide includes:

  1. Lesson Title and Objectives

  2. Whether anything will be graded

  3. Other useful information

The second slide contains a Warm Up Activity designed to engage students in thinking about what chemistry is, how it’s used etc. The directions are given to the left to leave the slide available for student use. After clicking on the link, the students are taken to the slide below. It has sticky notes they can use.

The “What is Chemistry? - Brainstorm it!” is an interactive activity designed for small groups or the whole class. The slide serves as a digital board students “stick” their answers to. They type their answers on a few stickies and drag each onto the slide. Click HERE to grab this slide to modify and use in your class.

Instead of being given the information by the teacher, the students are prompted to find it in the textbook or online. They replace the text on the slide with the information they find following directions given to the left.

Here, students dig deeper into the 3 categories (types of matter) from the slide above. The speaker notes section is used to provide a tech tip on how to insert pictures. This activity works well in comparing/contrasting three different concepts from the same category.

The comic activity stimulates deeper thinking about newly learned concepts as students are asked to apply information in a novel way. They are not just restating the facts but creating a story that uses these facts. Click HERE to grab a copy you can modify and use.

This is a simple and quick sorting activity for student self-assessment or one the teacher can use as formative assessment. Students drag the arrows to identify which category each image represents.

This, more challenging practice activity is designed to have students process and apply newly-acquired information in a new way. First, students drag the objects from the left to complete each problem. Then, they are asked to provide a rationale for their answers.

An exit ticket is a tried and true lesson review strategy. In this one, students do a little bit of retrieval practice by identifying what they found most interesting and identifying concepts they need explained further or clarified more.

Making the Learning Last Long Past the Test

By creating introductory lessons students can actively participate in, teachers can lay a foundation for further deeper learning. However, it’s important to note that students must keep practicing by applying the information several times after the initial lesson and it is up to the teacher to make time for classroom-based, not just by-yourself-at-home enrichment activities. Doing so and seeing the results can help teachers become more mindful about achieving deeper learning and less worried about “covering everything,” because the time spent on practice toward achieving mastery is time well-spent.

It’s always more advantageous to focus on learning a few topics/skills really well than to skim only the surface of or cognitively-overload with many concepts. The former way helps the knowledge and skills last, while the latter becomes yet another part of student’s forgotten academic past shortly after the unit test is crammed for and passed.

Key Points

  1. While attention span studies and claims seem unreliable, we can increase student engagement by teaching the way they want to learn and creating effective digital lessons.

  2. To create effective digital lessons, the goal of the teacher should be creating lesson activities that allow students to interact with the class material and/or each other.

  3. Digital media are misused when used solely to “give students the material.” Interactive digital lessons allow students to construct their own understanding.

  4. Providing multiple opportunities for students to process information and practice skills in class improves memory and understanding of concepts.


Sources:

Bradbury, N. A. (2016) Attention span during lectures: 8 seconds, 10 minutes, or more? Advances in Physiology Education, 40:4(509-513).

Mukhtar, K., Javed, K., Arooj, M., & Sethi, A. (2020). Advantages, Limitations and Recommendations for online learning during COVID-19 pandemic era. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(COVID19-S4).

Rick L. Shearer, Tugce Aldemir, Jana Hitchcock, Jessie Resig, Jessica Driver & Megan Kohler (2020) What Students Want: A Vision of a Future Online Learning Experience Grounded in Distance Education Theory, American Journal of Distance Education, 34:1, 36-52.

Time Article: You Now Have a Shorter Attention Span Than a Goldfish (May 14, 2015).


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